Introduction to the methods of organic agriculture Organic agriculture is a cultivation method that involves growing without the use of synthetic-based fertilizers and pesticides. In addition, genetically modified organisms are not allowed. Organic standards are designed to allow the use of natural substances while strictly prohibiting and limiting synthetic substances.
Organic agriculture
is a production system that maintains the health of soils, ecosystems and people.In addition, it is based on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of inputs with adverse effects.
Organic agriculture
in India is a method that inherently includes crop production and animal husbandry. This involves the use of biological materials to avoid artificial chemicals, maintain soil fertility and ecological balance and, therefore, reduce pollution and waste. In other words, organic agriculture involves cultivating and nourishing crops without the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.Genetically modified organisms are not allowed. Organic agriculture is a method that involves growing plants and raising animals in a natural way. The key characteristics of organic agriculture consist of: Organic agriculture can be adapted to; the differences between conventional agriculture and organic agriculture; organic agriculture methods combine scientific information from modern technology with traditional agricultural practices based on natural biological processes. Organic farming methods are mainly studied in the field of agroecology.
The main methods of organic agriculture include crop rotation, green manure and compost, biological pest control, and mechanical cultivation. The organic method is used to release nutrients to crops to increase sustainable production in an ecological and pollution-free environment. Its objective is to produce a crop with a high nutritional value and there are several methods by which organic agriculture is practiced, they are the following: Crop diversity, known as plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA), encompasses diversity within and between crops, their wild relatives and wild edible plant species. This diversity of crops has evolved over thousands of years in a dynamic interaction between nature and human beings, as part of their agricultural activities.
It primarily provides the biological basis for food production and food security and contributes to economic development. It refers to the crops and varieties that farmers grow and use as part of their subsistence. Crop diversity helps environments to thrive and also protects species from extinction. The different ways of improving crop diversity within the production of organic cereals, but in practice, these methods are rarely used and, with the exception of mixes of varieties and mixtures of species, little research is invested to investigate the potential of agriculture and organic agriculture in particular.
Farmers rely on different combinations of a main (basic) crop that most households grow in relatively large areas (for example,. White and yellow corn, white sorghum, millet, cassava and peanuts) and a large number of crops that are grown in small areas (p. ex. Pumpkin, peas, beans, vegetables, tobacco, potatoes).
Within this organic system, increasing the diversity of varieties of a given crop in a farmer's field improves the chances that the crop will better cope with insects, diseases or environmental tensions, such as drought, heat or floods. The different characteristics of different varieties can potentially reduce losses as a result of these hazards, while when a plant variety is cultivated, the crop's vulnerability to hazards increases. The expected climate and environmental changes will place unprecedented pressure on the most diverse agricultural systems and cultivation systems, (that is,. Those with the most genetic diversity are likely to be the most adaptable.
An appropriate range of crop diversity allows farmers to adopt practices that protect them against different hazards and risks, and provides them with a kind of insurance against the unknown, as farmers and agricultural systems become resilient to natural hazards. For example, the diversity of crops and varieties, farmers can do it; crop rotation is the method of planting crops in a different area of the garden, so that no crop is planted in the same place two or more years in a row. Crop rotation helps maintain soil structure and nutrient levels and prevents soil-borne pests from taking hold in the garden. When a single crop is planted in the same place each year, the soil structure slowly deteriorates as nutrients are used over and over again.
After a few years, the soil becomes unhealthy and lacks those specific nutrients. At the same time, insect pests that feed on monoculture and spend their larval stage in the soil become more prolific as their food source remains. Then, these pests become more difficult to control every year as their population increases. Plants that fix nitrogen, such as peas and legumes, improve soil quality so that future vegetables are planted in the same bed.
The alternation of shallow-rooted plants and deep-rooted plants in a given area draws nutrients from the soil at different depths. Farmers who practice crop rotation do not need to leave beds or fields fallow (without crops) as often as they would otherwise. The agricultural field contains a mix of organisms, some of which are used to grow plants and others are harmful. The development of these organisms must be under control to ensure the protection of the field and crops.
Pesticides and herbicides that contain fewer chemicals or natural substances can be used for pest control. Process in which living organisms are used to control pests, without or with limited use of chemicals. After cultivation, the soil loses its nutrients and its quality is depleted. Organic agriculture initiates the use of natural ways to increase soil health.
It focuses on the use of bacteria that are present in animal waste, which helps to make soil nutrients productive to improve the soil. Organic agriculture uses a variety of methods to improve soil fertility, including crop rotation, reduction of tillage, cover crops, and the application of compost. By reducing soil tillage, soil is not inverted or exposed to air; less carbon is lost to the atmosphere, resulting in more organic carbon in the soil. In addition, this has the added benefit of carbon retention, which can reduce greenhouse gases and help reverse climate change.
Plants need a large amount of nutrients in different amounts to thrive. Supplying enough nitrogen and, most importantly, synchronizing it so that plants get enough nitrogen when they need it most, is a challenge for organic farmers. Crop rotation and green manure help provide nitrogen through legumes, which fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria. Intercropping crops, which are sometimes used to control insects and diseases, can increase soil nutrients, but competition between the legume and the crop can be problematic and more space is required between rows of crops.
It refers to dying plants that are uprooted and introduced into the soil to act as a nutrient so that the soil increases its quality. Undecomposed green material used as compost is known as green manure. It is obtained in two ways: by growing green manures or by collecting green leaves (together with twigs) from plants grown in vacant lots, fields and forests. Green manure consists of cultivating plants in the field that belong to the legume family and that are incorporated into the soil after sufficient growth.
In addition, the main green manure crops are cluster beans, sunny hemp and dhaincha, pillipesara and Sesbania rostrata. Compost that is very rich in nutrients and is a recycled organic material that is used as fertilizer on farms. Composting cultivation transforms raw organic waste into humus-like material through the activity of soil microorganisms. Mature compost is well stored and is biologically stable, free of unpleasant odors, easier to handle and less bulky than raw organic waste.
Composting can reduce or eliminate weed seeds and plant pathogens in organic waste. Compost provides benefits such as soil amendment and source of organic matter by improving the biological, chemical and physical characteristics of the soil; weed management in organic agriculture promotes the suppression of weeds, rather than their elimination, by increasing competition between crops and the phytotoxic effects on weeds. Organic standards require annual crop rotation, meaning that a single crop cannot be grown in the same place without a different crop being involved. Develop organic methods to promote the growth of natural microorganisms that suppress the growth and germination of common weeds.
The two most commonly used weed management techniques are mulching: a procedure in which we use plastic films or plant residues on the soil surface to block weed growth. Mow or cut: it is a procedure in which the upper growth of weeds is eliminated. There are useful and harmful organisms on the agricultural farm that affect the countryside. It is necessary to control the growth of organisms to protect soil and crops.
This can be done by using herbicides and pesticides that contain fewer chemicals or that are natural. In addition, adequate disinfection of the entire farm must be maintained to control other organisms. Organic farming encourages the use of domestic animals to increase the sustainability of the farm. So, there can be no better place for companion animals to receive fresh air, food and good exercise than the green farm.
Although it is preferred that everything be natural, just as animals were used as labor in the early days for plowing, organic agriculture encourages the use of domestic animals to increase the sustainability of the organic farm. Organic livestock farming is a land-based activity. Organic agriculture encourages the use of natural ways to improve the farm, plants and soil; the use of genetically modified animals and plants is discouraged. Therefore, genetic modification is kept out of this agriculture.
However, there is an argument that takes into account that the pollen present in these modified crops is present in the seed reserves used for organic agriculture, making it impossible to stay completely out of the way of organic agriculture. Many countries carry out organic agriculture with the rejection of the use of chemical methods and products that harm animals, crops, soil, the environment and even human health. Therefore, this agricultural process must be encouraged, since it acts as a protective shield against all the main factors that make up the planet.
organic farmers
use practices that improve fertility, soil structure and biodiversity and reduce erosion.However, reduce the risks of human, animal and environmental exposure to toxic materials. The principles of organic agriculture are: organic agriculture must maintain and improve the health of soil, plants, animals and human beings as something unique and indivisible. Organic agriculture must be based on living ecological systems and cycles, work with them, emulate them and help sustain them. Organic farmers find it difficult to get good markets for their organic food products.
However, with a little hard work and an understanding of nature, any farmer can earn a minimum of 10 lakh rupees a year. Organic methods are studied in the field of agroecology. Organic farmers are restricted by regulations to the use of natural pesticides and fertilizers. Crop diversity is essential for the growth of agricultural plants.
They can produce varieties that resist pests and diseases, providing protection against crop failures and better isolating poor farmers from risk. Organic agriculture uses organic chemicals, organic pesticides and organic fertilizers and prepared compost. Whereas natural agriculture uses animal manure and nitrogen fixatives. They use compost, but it's not prepared and nature does all the composting.
Some naturally occurring pesticides are not allowed to be used in organic farming methods. Some of these include nicotine sulfate, arsenic, and strychnine. There are many naturally occurring substances used as pesticides that are allowed in organic agriculture. These contain neem oil, diatomaceous earth and pepper.
Please send me all the material related to organic agriculture. Thank you, good information for me to guide me on organic agriculture in my town. Thank you, it's very important to learn about agricultural activities for me. Equity in agriculture also suggests providing an adequate diet and environment for livestock and livestock that responds to their physiology.
Lately, more and more people have embraced the idea of organic agriculture, concerned about health and environmental care issues, or looking for new gastronomic experiences. Some of these organisms are useful for crop production, while others are very harmful to cultivation, since they interrupt crop production. Therefore, organic farmers can use mild (with fewer chemicals) or natural herbicides and pesticides to control pests in a biological way. Pure organic agriculture completely avoids inorganic chemicals that can harm soil, crops and the people who consume them.
The soil is maintained by planting and then tilling cover crops, which help protect the soil from erosion in the off-season and provide additional organic matter. The platform helps organic producers monitor vegetation levels, compares changes in vegetation values over the past five years based on historical data and helps reduce the costs of soil testing, allowing them to react in a timely manner to the first signs of erosion. Organic agriculture, an agricultural system that uses ecologically based pest controls and biological fertilizers mainly derived from animal and vegetable waste and from cover crops (nitrogen-fixing). That's why organic agriculture focuses on using bacteria (present in animal waste) that help increase the level of nutrients in the soil, making it fertile for greater production.
The polyculture method of cultivation also helps to produce the soil microorganisms needed to increase production. Crop diversity, known as plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA), encompasses diversity within and between crops, their wild relatives and wild edible plant species. As for synthetic additives, the concept only allows mild pesticides approved for organic agriculture, with no disputable properties and with minimal harm to humans and nature. However, it should be noted that pollens from modified crops are also present in seed reserves that have been used for organic agriculture.
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